Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines



Oct. 28, 1924. 1,513,468 J. R. PFLAUME VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL C OMBUSI 'IQ N ENGINES Filed Now- 2, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. R. PFLAUME vALvz MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION mamas I Filed Nov. 3 1922 3 Shee ts-Sheet 2 c2 92.

Oct, 28 1924.

1,513,468 J. R. PFLAUME VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 2', 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Get. 28, 1924!.

J'ULIUS RICHARD PFLA'UME, I'JELRGSE PARK, BERKLEY, ILLTHOIS, ASSIGNOfi 01F ONE-HALF TO SAMUEL EAR-LEN, 9F BEBKIAEY ILLINOIS.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERIIAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed. November 2, 1922,

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUS RICHARD PFLAUME, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Melrose Park,

Berkley, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Valve Mechanism for InternalCombus tion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to oscillating valves therefor, and to means for operating such valves.

Objects of the invention are to simplify and improve the construction and operation of valves for internal combustion engines. A further purpose of the invention is to avoid needless vibration of engines due to impact between the valves and their seats; to avoid the necessity for frequent regrinding of the valves, and to provide a valve structure and seat therefor which is inclependent of the cylinder casting and therefore cools easily and may be replaced readily as a unit when worn. The objects of the invention are accomplished by the device shown in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary end view of an engine equipped with the improved valve mechanism.

Figure 2 is a side view of the mechanism shown in Figure 1, but with the engine cylinder and water jacket shown in section. as Figure 3 is a detail in side elevation of the valve.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the valve taken on the line 47-4, Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a detail illustrating the position of the valve and its operating mecha nism when a cylinder is exhausting through the valve.

Figure 6 is a detail view illustrating the position of the valve and its operating mech- 4.- anism when the intake passage-way of the valve affords communication between the engine cylinder and the carbureter.

The construction illustrated includes an oscillating valve suitably designed for use 50 with internal combustion engines. This valve consists of a cylindrical body within a cylindrical housing attached to the side of the engine, and. the body of the valve is arranged to be oscillated in its housing and .5 is provided with intake and exhaust pas- Serial No. 598,678.

sage-ways which alternately afford com munication between the engine cylinder and the intake manifold and the engine cylinder and the exhaust manifold. The valve is rocked in one direction and then in the other by separate cams on the cam shaft through separate connections with the valve. Tn the drawings but one engine cylinder and its corresponding valve mechanism is shown. This valve mechanism is duplicated for the different cylinders of the engine. T'hetengine cylinder 1, its piston 2, connecting rod 3 and crank 41:, may be of any customary design. The water jacket part 5 of the cylinder is specially designed for receiving the improved valve mechanism. This mechanism includes a cylindrical housing 6, having a. flange 7 for attachment to the water jacket part 5 of cylinder 1. The ends of the housing 6 are closed by flanged bearing members 7, which support therein a cylindrical oscillatory valve 8. The valve 8 has trunnions 9 extending through the bearing member 7, and pinned to the square ends of these trunnio-ns are. a pair of levers 11 and 12 of like design but reversely placed on the shaft. The upper end of lever 11 is connected by a link 13 to a rocker arm 14, and the lower end of lever 12 is connected by a link 15 to a rocker arm 16. rocker are journaled on a shaft 17 supported at 18 in the upper end of a fixed bracket 19. Each rocker arm 14.- and 16 carries a roller 20 at its lower end for respectively coacting with cams 21 and 22 on a cam shaft 23. The cam shaft has the customary one to two gear connection 2 1 with the crank shaft 4. The lever 11 car ries at the end of its arm 25 an adjustable screw 26 for coacting with the end of a restoring spring 27. A similar restoring spring 28 coacts with an adjustable screw 29 on the arm 30 of lever 12.

The valve 8 is provided. with intake and exhaust passage-ways 31 and 32. The passagewa-y 31 provides communication between a port 33 in cylinder 1 and the intake manifold, which is not shown but is attached to the flanged support 34 extending from the lower end of the housing 6 for the valve. The exhaust manifold likewise is not shown but is attached to the support 35 extending upwardly from the valve housing 6. The exhaust passage-way 32 when communicating with port also communi- These iii cates with the exhaust manifold through. the support therefor The valve housing 6 is apertured as indicated in Figures 5 and 6 at the location of cylinder port 3?) and the communications with the intake and exhaust manifolds. These apertures in the valve housing are preferably one hundred and twenty degrees apart so that the inlet and exhaust ports will be at least one hundred and twenty degrees from the port communicating with the engine cylinder in order that the valve will properly seat against the intake and exhaust ports due to the pressure on the valveupon compression or explosion in the cylinder. his arrangement assures proper closing of the valve even though it may be somewhat loose in the valve housing.

The part of the valve 8 adjacent the oxhau st passageway 32 is cored out at 36 to afford an air insulating space between the exhaust passage-way and the outer surface 37 of the valve. This insulating space is closed by the plate 38. A channel or recess 39 at the lower side of the exhaust passageway is intended to minimize the contact of exhaust gases with the lower wall of the passage-way. The part 40 of valve 8, which normally closes the cylinder port 33, is recessed at 10 in order to receive a carbon deposit upon explosions, so that this carbon will not settle on the bearing surface of the valve and thus result in wear. The valve is lubricated through the conduit 4-1.

In the operation of the device the crank 4 and cam shaft 23 rotate in the. direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 2. As the piston 2 rises upon the exhaust strohe, earn 22 holds the arm 16 in the position indicated in Figures. As soon as the cam 22 clears its roller 20, the spring 28 urges the lever 12 back to its normal position, as indicated in Figure 2, thus restoring the valve to the neutral position and the arms 14: and 16 into normal position. Next cam 21. engages roller 20 of the lever .14, and. as this lever is connected. by link 13 to the upper end of lever 11, the valve is rocked to bring the intake passage-way 31 into communication with the port 33 of the cylinder, and also into communication with the intake manifold. Spring 27 then again restores he valve and its connecting mechanism to the neutral position, as shown in Figure 2, where it stays during the next rotation of the crank 4- during the compression and explosion strokes. By this arrangement of tappet cams and. restoring springs the oscillating valve is given the required rapid motion to insure the desired operation of the engine.

I claim:

1. An internal combustion engine coniprising a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a cam shaft driven by said crank shaft, a valve housing detachably mounted at the side of said cylinder, a passageway through the cylinder wall communicating with said valve housing. a cylindrical valve body mounted. for oscillation within saidv housii'ig. said valve body havin separate intake and exhaust passageways, said housing hav I, intake and exhaust ports approximately 120 degrees from each other and the way communicating with the cylinder, resilient means for normally holding said valve body in closed position, a pair of rocker arms connected to said valve body to alternately rock it in opposite directions against the action of said resilient means. and tappet cams on said cam shaft for opcrating said rocker arms.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder and piston, a crank shaft, a cam shaft driven by said crank shaft, a valve housing detachably mounted at the side of said cylinder, a passageway through the cylinder wall communicating with said. valve housing, a cylindrical valve body mounted for oscillation within said housing, said valve body having separate intake and exhaust passageways, the surface of said cylindrical valve body being recessed between said passageways at the side communicating with said cylinder, said housing having intake and exhaust ports approximately 120 degrees from each other and the passage way communicating with the cylinder, res li-- ent means for normally holding said valve body in. closed position, a pair of rocker arms connected to said valve body to alternately rock it in opposite directions against the action of said resilient means, and tappet cams 011 said cam shaft for operating said rocker arms.

Signed at Chicago this 16th day of October 1922.

JULIUS RICHARD PFLAUME. 

